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Racial Discrimination, German History - Political Aspects, European Theater - World War II - Axis, National Socialism, German History - 1918 - 1933 (Postwar Period & Weimar Republic), Germany - Politics & Government, German History - 1933 - 1945 (The Thir
Nazism and War by Richard Bessel — book cover

Nazism and War

by Richard Bessel
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Overview

The Second World War was the defining event of the twentieth century, leaving millions dead and redrawing the political map in ways that continue to affect nearly the entire human race. What was unprecedented, however, was not simply the war’s scale, but its causes. Unlike previous territorial or political clashes, the war launched by Nazi Germany was an ideological one, waged to wipe entire peoples and cultures from the face of the earth.

In Nazism and War, Richard Bessel, one of the preeminent authorities on the social and political history of modern Germany, demonstrates how racial hatred was the driving force behind–and not a by-product of–Nazism. War was the anvil on which Hitler’s worldview was forged; to him, war was “the most memorable period of my life,” and “all the past fell away into oblivion.” German National Socialism was born in war, emerging triumphant over a country deeply scarred by defeat and eager to reclaim its greatness and to punish those who had usurped it. As a political philosophy, Nazism glorified struggle and conflict, viewing them as the purpose of a nation and a measure of its overall condition. As a political movement and state system, Nazism made its ideology real, plunging the European continent into a war of annihilation and a sea of blood. Nazism–inseparable from war–destroyed the old Europe, and thus helped to create the world in which we live.

Incisive, authoritative, and immensely readable, this is an incendiary and forcefully argued work of scholarship that will rank with the most influential historical analyses of our time.

Synopsis

The Second World War was the defining event of the twentieth century, leaving millions dead and redrawing the political map in ways that continue to affect nearly the entire human race. What was unprecedented, however, was not simply the war’s scale, but its causes. Unlike previous territorial or political clashes, the war launched by Nazi Germany was an ideological one, waged to wipe entire peoples and cultures from the face of the earth.

In Nazism and War, Richard Bessel, one of the preeminent authorities on the social and political history of modern Germany, demonstrates how racial hatred was the driving force behind–and not a by-product of–Nazism. War was the anvil on which Hitler’s worldview was forged; to him, war was “the most memorable period of my life,” and “all the past fell away into oblivion.” German National Socialism was born in war, emerging triumphant over a country deeply scarred by defeat and eager to reclaim its greatness and to punish those who had usurped it. As a political philosophy, Nazism glorified struggle and conflict, viewing them as the purpose of a nation and a measure of its overall condition. As a political movement and state system, Nazism made its ideology real, plunging the European continent into a war of annihilation and a sea of blood. Nazism–inseparable from war–destroyed the old Europe, and thus helped to create the world in which we live.

Incisive, authoritative, and immensely readable, this is an incendiary and forcefully argued work of scholarship that will rank with the most influential historical analyses of our time.

Library Journal

Bessel (Univ. of York, England) here examines the rise of Nazi ideology and its impact on German politics, economics, society, and militarism. He sees Nazism as the "manifestation and culmination of a long-running theme in modern European history-namely, racism" and depicts it as inseparably linked to a culture of war. While this racist ideology was not unique to Germany, its adoption by the "political gangsters" of the Third Reich had devastating consequences. Thus, mass murder and racial extinction became the hallmarks of Nazism, which ultimately aimed to achieve the "creation of a hierarchical new order." The author's scholarly achievement is to have demonstrated the pervasiveness of this racist ideology for the duration of the Third Reich. Bessel presents his argument in four essays covering the rise of Nazism, the preparation for war, the conduct of the war, and the aftermath of the Nazi regime. Lengthy notes and a solid bibliography complete this impressive study. Highly recommended for academic libraries.-Thomas A. Karel, Franklin & Marshall Coll. Lib., Lancaster, PA Copyright 2004 Reed Business Information.

About the Author, Richard Bessel

RICHARD BESSEL is Professor of History at the University of York and a specialist on the social and political history of Nazi Germany. His previous books include Life in the Third Reich; Political Violence and the Rise of Nazism: The Storm Troopers in Eastern Germany, 1925—1934, and Germany After the First World War.

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Editorials

Library Journal

Bessel (Univ. of York, England) here examines the rise of Nazi ideology and its impact on German politics, economics, society, and militarism. He sees Nazism as the "manifestation and culmination of a long-running theme in modern European history-namely, racism" and depicts it as inseparably linked to a culture of war. While this racist ideology was not unique to Germany, its adoption by the "political gangsters" of the Third Reich had devastating consequences. Thus, mass murder and racial extinction became the hallmarks of Nazism, which ultimately aimed to achieve the "creation of a hierarchical new order." The author's scholarly achievement is to have demonstrated the pervasiveness of this racist ideology for the duration of the Third Reich. Bessel presents his argument in four essays covering the rise of Nazism, the preparation for war, the conduct of the war, and the aftermath of the Nazi regime. Lengthy notes and a solid bibliography complete this impressive study. Highly recommended for academic libraries.-Thomas A. Karel, Franklin & Marshall Coll. Lib., Lancaster, PA Copyright 2004 Reed Business Information.

Kirkus Reviews

"Nazism was inseparable from war": not a novel thesis, but brightly defended here. From the start, Adolf Hitler and his "band of political gangsters, inspired by a crude racist ideology," made no secret of their desire to go to war. One cause was to avenge the defeat of Germany and Austria-Hungary in WWI, which helped induce economic ruin and political chaos, as well as inspire the sense that the politicians had stabbed the army in the back. Ten million German veterans were able to vote after the war, and they voted far right. Apart from Hitler and a few of his comrades, however, most Nazis had had no direct experience of the war; quoting memoirist Sebastian Haffner, Bessel (History/Univ. of York) observes that "the truly Nazi generation" was born after 1900 and saw WWI as a great game. Inexperience notwithstanding, the Nazis also pushed a war in the East meant to secure "living room," destroy Bolshevism, and annihilate the Jews and other supposed lesser peoples. Thus, on coming to power, the Nazi leadership put the German economy on war footing: "For Hitler, the economy was not primarily an arena for generating wealth, but one for providing the hardware required for military conquest, and the determination to rearm underlay all the regime's economic policies." Against some leftist historians, however, Bessel posits that the Nazi regime was not a tool of big business: "It would be mistaken to conclude," he writes, "that the underlying logic of Nazism was unbridled capitalist exploitation," adding that Hitler rejected free-market ideology and accommodated capitalism as a useful pawn, just as practical-minded capitalists with Germany began formally preparing for defeat as early as 1943. Ittook Germany decades to face the past, Bessel writes, and because its enemies committed extreme violence, too, Germans could think of themselves as victims, as people to be "pitied rather than reviled." Bessel ably shows why such thinking is incorrect, and how the Nazi regime was able to secure so much support in its project of total war.

Book Details

Published
November 1, 2006
Publisher
Random House Publishing Group
Pages
320
Format
Paperback
ISBN
9780812975574

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