Conservation By Proxy: Indicator, Umbrella, Keystone, Flagship, And Other Surrogate Species

Because of the scope of conservation problems, biologists and managers often rely on "surrogate" species to act as proxies to represent larger conservation issues. In Conservation by Proxy, conservation biologist and field researcher Tim Caro offers systematic definitions of surrogate species concepts, explores the theories behind them, considers how surrogate species are chosen, examines evidence for and against their utility, and makes recommendations for their continued use.

Tim Caro is a professor in the Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology and a member of the Center for Population Biology, at the University of California, Davis.