Organic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry - General & Miscellaneous, Biology - Biotechnology, Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Technical & Industrial Chemistry, Catalysts & Solvents

Enzymes in Nonaqueous Solvents: Methods and Protocols

Name: Enzymes in Nonaqueous Solvents: Methods and Protocols
Author: Vulfson, Evgeny N.
ISBN: 9781617372568

by Vulfson, Evgeny N.

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Overview

In Enzymes in Nonaqueous Solvents: Methods and Prools, leading chemists, biochemists, biotechnologists, and process engineers summarize for the first time a wide range of methods for executing enzymatic transformations under nonaqueous conditions. Each method includes detailed step-by-step instructions for its successful completion, a list of materials, and ancillary notes that explain the scientific basis of the procedure, as well as troubleshooting. Also provided are a generic description of key reactions, advice on biocatalyst preparation, discussion of reaction conditions, and instructions on bioreactor design.

Comprehensive and state-of-the-art, Enzymes in Nonaqueous Solvents: Methods and Prools offers today's synthetic chemists, biochemists, and process engineers all the essential information needed to carry out enzymatic reactions in nonaqueous media, as well as to successfully scale up to production quantities.

Synopsis

Enzymatic catalysis has gained considerable attention in recent years as an efficient tool in the preparation of natural products, pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and food ingredients. The high selectivity and mild reaction con- tions associated with enzymatic transformations have made this approach an attractive alternative in the synthesis of complex bioactive compounds, which are often difficult to obtain by standard chemical routes. However, the maj- ity of organic compounds are not very soluble in water, which was traditi- ally perceived as the only suitable reaction medium for the application of biocatalysts. The realization that most enzymes can function perfectly well under nearly anhydrous conditions and, in addition, display a number of useful properties, e. g. , highly enhanced stability and different selectivity, has d- matically widened the scope of their application to the organic synthesis. Another great attraction of using organic solvents rather than water as a reaction solvent is the ability to perform synthetic transformations with re- tively inexpensive hydrolytic enzymes. It is worth reminding the reader that in vivo, the synthetic and hydrolytic pathways are catalyzed by different enzymes. However, elimination of water from the reaction mixture enables the “reversal” of hydrolytic enzymes and thus avoids the use of the expensive cofactors or activated substrates that are required for their synthetic count- parts.

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Chemists, biochemists, biotechnologists, and process engineers summarize methods for executing enzymatic transformations under nonaqueous conditions. Each method includes detailed step-by-step instructions, a list of materials, notes explaining the scientific basis of the procedure, and troubleshooting tips. Also provided are a generic descriptions of key reactions, advice on biocatalyst preparation, discussion of reaction conditions, and instructions on bioreactor design. Chapters are in sections on control of enzyme activity in nonaqueous solvents, synthetic applications, and reaction systems and bioreactor design. Vulfson is affiliated with the Institute of Food Research. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)