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United States History - Western, Plains & Rocky Mountain Region, Christian Biography, Other Christian Denominations & Sects
Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling by Richard Lyman Bushman — book cover

Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling

by Richard Lyman Bushman, Jed Woodworth
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Overview

Joseph Smith, America’s preeminent visionary and prophet, rose from a modest background to found the largest indigenous Christian church in American history. Without the benefit of wealth, education, or social position, he published the 584-page Book of Mormon when he was twenty-three; organized a church when he was twenty-four; and founded cities, built temples, and attracted thousands of followers before his violent death at age thirty-eight. Rather than perishing with him, Mormonism migrated to the Rocky Mountains, flourished there, and now claims millions of followers worldwide.

In Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling, Richard Bushman, an esteemed American cultural historian and a practicing Mormon, tells how Smith formed a new religion from the ground up. Moving beyond the popular stereotype of Smith as a colorful fraud, the book explores the inner workings of his personality–his personal piety, his temper, his affection for family and friends, and his incredible determination. It describes how he received revelations and why his followers believed them.

Smith was a builder of cities. He sought to form egalitarian, just, and open communities under God and laid out a plan for ideal cities, which he hoped would fill the world. Adopted as the model for hundreds of Mormon settlements in the West, Smith’s urban vision may have left a more lasting imprint on the landscape than that of any other American.

He was controversial from his earliest years. His followers honored him as a man who spoke for God and restored biblical religion. His enemies maligned him as a dangerous religious fanatic, an American Mohammad, and drove the Mormons from every place in which they settled. Smith’s ultimate assassination by an armed mob raises the question of whether American democracy can tolerate visionaries.

The book gives more attention to Joseph Smith’s innovative religious thought than any previous biography. As Bushman writes, “His followers derived their energy and purpose from the religious world he brought into being.” Some of the teachings were controversial, such as property redistribution and plural marriage, but Smith’s revelations also delved into cosmology and the history of God. They spoke of the origins of the human personality and the purpose of life. While thoroughly Christian, Smith radically reconceived the relationship between humans and God. The book evaluates the Mormon prophet’s bold contributions to Christian theology and situates him culturally in the modern world.

Published on the two hundredth anniversary of Smith’s birth, Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling is an in-depth portrayal of the mysterious figure behind one of the world’s fastest growing faiths.

Synopsis

Founder of the largest indigenous Christian church in American history, Joseph Smith published the 584-page Book of Mormon when he was twenty-three and went on to organize a church, found cities, and attract thousands of followers before his violent death at age thirty-eight. Richard Bushman, an esteemed cultural historian and a practicing Mormon, moves beyond the popular stereotype of Smith as a colorful fraud to explore his personality, his relationships with others, and how he received revelations.

An arresting narrative of the birth of the Mormon Church, Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling also brilliantly evaluates the prophet’s bold contributions to Christian theology and his cultural place in the modern world.

The New York Times - Walter Kirn

Bushman's Smith, whatever else he was, comes off as a singularly brilliant motivator whose method - call it Dynamic Overextension - modern students of management would do well to study. By perpetually promising the world to a mixed bag of followers that included preachers picked off from other sects, Smith not only captured hundreds, then thousands, of minds, he harnessed their muscles, too. From New York he led his pilgrims to Ohio, only to tell them once they'd settled down that Zion lay in Missouri, much farther west, and that many of them would have to pack their things again.

About the Author, Richard Lyman Bushman

Richard L. Bushman was born in Salt Lake City, Utah, in 1931. He took his B.A., M.A., and PhD. degrees at Harvard University. He has taught at Brigham Young University, Boston University, University of Delaware, and Columbia University, where he is currently Gouverneur Morris Professor of History, Emeritus. His previous books are From Puritan to Yankee: Character and Social Order in Connecticut, 1690-1765 (1967), Joseph Smith and the Beginnings of Mormonism (1984), King and People in Provincial Massachusetts (1985), and The Refinement of America: Persons, Houses, and Cities (1992).

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Editorials

From Barnes & Noble

Richard Lyman Bushman entitled one of his books Believing History: Latter Day Saint Essays, thus addressing directly his intention to write "faithful history" about the Mormon past. With this 768-page biography of LDS founder Joseph Smith, Dr. Bushman, an emeritus professor at Columbia University, has now created the tour de force of his long career. Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling presents his subject as an authentic prophet but also as the unpolished stone that he described himself to be. Mormons will greet this book as perhaps the definitive and certainly one of the best-written, carefully researched biographies of the founder of their sect. Non-Mormons will welcome it as a hospitable introduction to a major 19th-century American.

The New Yorker

Joseph Smith claimed that he was visited by an angel who gave him golden plates from which he transcribed the Book of Mormon, and he had organized a church before he was twenty-five. His personal charisma and his administrative genius helped spread Mormonism throughout the Western United States, turning the sect into a legislative federation complete with social and political institutions. There were always those who thought Smith a charlatan and a fanatic, and, in 1844, at the age of thirty-eight, he was fatally shot by an angry mob. Bushman is both an emeritus professor of history at Columbia and a practicing Mormon, and his exhaustive biography carefully treads a path between reverence and objectivity, as when he investigates the phenomenon of “plural marriage”; Smith, in order to establish “a Righteous race . . . uppon the Earth,” had more than thirty wives.

Walter Kirn

Bushman's Smith, whatever else he was, comes off as a singularly brilliant motivator whose method - call it Dynamic Overextension - modern students of management would do well to study. By perpetually promising the world to a mixed bag of followers that included preachers picked off from other sects, Smith not only captured hundreds, then thousands, of minds, he harnessed their muscles, too. From New York he led his pilgrims to Ohio, only to tell them once they'd settled down that Zion lay in Missouri, much farther west, and that many of them would have to pack their things again.
— The New York Times

Publishers Weekly

How should a historian depict a man's life when that man, and his religion, remain a mystery to so many 200 years after his birth? Bushman, an emeritus professor at Columbia University and author of Joseph Smith and the Beginnings of Mormonism, greatly expands on that previous work, filling in many details of the founding prophet of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and carrying the story through to the end of Smith's life. Many continue to view Smith as an enigmatic and controversial figure. Bushman locates him in his historical and cultural context, fleshing out the many nuances of 19th-century American life that produced such a fertile ground for emerging religions. The author, a practicing Mormon, is aware that his book stands in the intersection of faith and scholarship, but does not avoid the problematic aspects of Smith's life and work, such as his practice of polygamy, his early attempts at treasure-seeking and his later political aspirations. In the end, Smith emerges as a genuine American phenomenon, a man driven by inspiration but not unaffected by his cultural context. This is a remarkable book, wonderfully readable and supported by exhaustive research. For anyone interested in the Mormon experience, it will be required reading for years to come. (Oct. 10) Copyright 2005 Reed Business Information.

Library Journal

In this erudite cultural biography of Mormonism's founder, Bushman (Joseph Smith and the Beginnings of Mormonism; Gouverner Morris Professor of history, emeritus, Columbia Univ.) establishes Smith's place within American society, discussing both the mark he left and the ways in which he was influenced by his times. Remnants of magical culture stayed with Smith to the end, Bushman asserts, and his life was divided between the ordinary and the strange. Bushman's use of original sources, such as letters and journals, plus his access to collected papers from Mormon church historians, provide an insightful glimpse into Smith's life and his eclectic family environment. The account is reasonably critical and respectably analytical, and while quotes are short, more than 150 pages of references and notes allow readers to research them in greater context. Both Mormon believers and critics will find enough material here for continued discussion. For example, was Smith's personal motive for his revelations to satisfy his family's religious needs? Or is the most interesting thing about Smith the fact that people actually believed him? Recommended for both public and academic libraries.-Leroy Hommerding, Fort Myers Beach P.L. Dist., FL Copyright 2005 Reed Business Information.

Kirkus Reviews

Orthodox life of the decidedly unorthodox Joseph Smith, founder and prophet of Mormonism. Bushman (History emeritus/Columbia Univ.; The Refinement of America, 1992) describes himself as "a believing historian"-a believing Mormon, that is, as well as a professional historian in the tradition of Leonard Arrington and other Mormon scholars. He is concerned, he continues, with depicting a real Joseph Smith, not a flawless or idealized one, no easy task given both church doctrine and the lack of documentation that is without bias one way or another. The facts are these, and not much at issue: Smith grew up in a region of upstate New York known in the post-revolutionary era as a breeding ground for religious movements of various kinds, in a family that was poor but by all accounts happy. The interpretation begins almost immediately, for Smith became known to the world for having reportedly received visions of an angel who led him to a book "written upon golden plates, giving an account of the former inhabitants of this continent and the source from whence they sprang." The accept-it-or-don't nature of the vision and the text that Smith subsequently developed has been a source of controversy since that September day in 1823. Bushman considers many of the disagreements, such as the "composition" view of the Book of Mormon, with Smith as literal author, versus the "transcription" view, by which Smith dictated divinely revealed text to a secretary. Believers hold to the latter view, for, Bushman writes, "the composition theory calls for a precocious genius of extraordinary powers who was voraciously consuming information without anyone knowing it." Bushman goes on to consider other controversiessurrounding Smith's short life, from breakaway followers to Smith's imperial ambitions to the motives for his assassination at the age of 38. More complete but less evenhanded than Robert Remini's Joseph Smith (2002); some readers may find parts of Bushman's narrative to be overly credulous.

Book Details

Published
September 1, 2005
Publisher
Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group
Pages
768
Format
Hardcover
ISBN
9781400042708

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